Identity in William Gibson’s Neuromancer :: Neuromancer

The Question of Identity in William Gibsons Neuromancer William Gibsons Neuromancer is a science illustration novel that is seen by many as the preeminent work of the hacker genre. Neuromancer, like the countless others of its kind to follow, addresses themes concerning identity and/or lack there of. The cyberpunk genre as argued by Bruce Sterling was born out of the 1980s and was due in part to the rapid decentralization of technology. With the influx of information processing systems, the internet, and virtual reality into the universal household came technological discoveries that affected the individual. Certain themes that are central to cyberpunk involve implanted circuitry, cosmetic mathematical process, and mind invasions such as brain computer interfaces and artificial intelligence. (Sterling 346) With these issues in mind one must wonder what affect they have on the self or ones identity. Within Neuomancer, Gibson creates a future where identities can become obscure/a mbiguous, due to the sophisticated technology available which may alter various facets of a persons animal(prenominal) or mental identity. In Neuromancer, Mollys sun provide can be seen as a technological adaptation prohibiting her eyes from being seen. ...the glasses were surgically inset, sealing her sockets. The silver lenses seemed to grow from smooth pale skin above her cheekbones... (Gibson 24) The eyes are said to be windows to the soul. Many emotions and states of mind are conveyed by the eyes. Molly, however, does not relinquish this power of perception to others. The lenses were empty quicksilver, regarding him with an insect calm. (Gibson 30) The mirrored sunglasses mask key characteristics of Mollys identity (emotions). enhancive surgery is another means by which characters in Gibsons Neuromancer obscure their identities. On several occasions the reader comes in contact with individuals who have had surgery to make themselves appear more spring chickenful or even to create a new face. Armitage and Riviera are two such characters who had faces created for them. He was very fair Case assumed the features were the work of a Chiba surgeon. A subtle job, nothing like Armitages blandly handsome blend of pop faces. (Gibson 97) In this object lesson we have an example of two characters who have utilized state of the art technology to alter their physical identity. Referring to two policemen, Case peered at them and saw that their youth was counterfeit, marked by a certain telltale corrugation at the knuckles, something that the surgeons were unable to erase.

Existentialism :: essays research papers

ExistentialismLike "rationalism" and "empiricism," "existentialism" is a destination that belongs to intellectual history. Its definition is thus to whatever extent one of historical convenience. The term was explicitly adopted as a self-description by Jean-Paul Sartre, and through the wide dissemination of the postwar literary and philosophic output of Sartre and his associates notably Simone de Beauvoir, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Albert Camus existentialism became identified with a cultural movement that flourished in Europe in the 1940s and 1950s. Among the major philosophers identified as existentialists (many of whom for guinea pig Camus and Heidegger repudiated the label) were Karl Jaspers, Martin Heidegger, and Martin Buber in Germany, Jean Wahl and Gabriel Marcel in France, the Spaniards Jos Ortega y Gasset and Miguel de Unamuno, and the Russians Nicholai Berdyaev and Lev Shestov. The nineteenth century philosophers, Soren Kierkegaard and Fri edrich Nietzsche, came to be seen as precursors of the movement. Existentialism was as much a literary phenomenon as a philosophic one. Sartres own ideas were and are better known through his fictional works ( such(prenominal) as Nausea and No Exit) than through his more strictly philosophical ones (such as Being and Nothingness and Critique of Dialectical Reason), and the postwar years found a very diverse coterie of writers and artists linked to a lower place the term retrospectively, Dostoevsky, Ibsen, and Kafka were conscripted in Paris there were Jean Genet, Andr Gide, Andr Malraux, and the expatriate Samuel Beckett the Norwegian Knut Hamsen and the Romanian Eugene Ionesco belong to the club artists such as Alberto Giacommeti and even Abstract Expressionists such as Jackson Pollock, Arshile Gorky, and Willem de Kooning, and filmmakers such as Jean-Luc Godard and Ingmar Bergman were understood in existential terms. By the mid 1970s the cultural image of existentialism had bec ome a clich, parodized in countless books and films by Woody Allen.It is sometimes suggested, therefore, that existentialism just is this bygone cultural movement rather than an identifiable philosophical position or, alternatively, that the term should be restricted to Sartres philosophy alone. But while a philosophical definition of existentialism may not entirely ignore the cultural indispensableness of the term, and while Sartres thought must loom large in any account of existentialism, the concept does pick out a distinctive cluster of philosophical problems and helpfully identifies a relatively distinct current of twentieth- and now twenty-first century philosophical inquiry, one that has had significant impact on fields such as theology (through Rudolf Bultmann, Paul Tillich, Karl Barth, and others) and psychology (from Ludwig Binswanger and Medard Boss to Otto Rank, R.

Western Scientific Perspectives :: essays research papers

Anthropology 122-1Western Scientific PerspectivesWalking on a clear night a person cant help only look up and see the stars. Each beautiful, illuminating the night sky along with the moon, far away yet close enough to admire and wonder. I sit sometimes outside and just look up and gaze in wonder at the stars, but the scientists in me thinks further. The stars are like our sun in the solar system, hydrogen balls, exploding, radiating energy and light in all directions yet we are so far that we see them as specks in the night sky. thence in that respect are those night where Venus and Mercury can be seen among the stars, almost a spiritual experience. Science has taught us that sedateness and other laws of nature control the movement of such celestial objects and control everyday happenings where most would not give it a second thought. In sprightliness we all seek the truth, the truths about the universe our surround. Some people seek the truth through what science tells us. The Big Bang Theory tells us that there was a massive explosion where concentrated matter is scattered all over what is the universe and over time the planets and other systems formed to their current states. Then some seek the truth through religion and God and so we have the story of Genesis from the Bible. Fritjof genus Capra, author of The Tao of Physics, was a high-energy physicist who conducted years of enquiry in his career and understood his surroundings as a physicist but through his learning the religious philosophies of Hinduism, Buddhism and Taoism saw his surroundings are more than that. Capra saw a rhythm that surrounded everything. I saw cascades of energy coming down from outer space, in which particles were created and destroyed in rhythmic pulses I saw the atoms of the elements and those of my body participating in this cosmic dance of energy I felt its rhythm and I heard its sound, and at that arcsecond I knew that this was the Dance of Shiva, the Lord of Dancers wo rshipped by the Hindus. (Capra, 11)Ultimately Capra discovered for himself and argues is the view of the world explained through physics and the view given by philosophies such as Hindusim, Buddhism and Taoism are parallel to each other.According to Capra, knowledge can be divided into to parts, rational and intuitive. Everyday we learn, we gain knowledge of our surroundings and from our everyday happenings.

The Island by Gary Paulsen :: Paulsen Island Essays

The Island by Gary Paulsen     The book I read was The Island by Gary Paulsen. It is about a 15 year old boy named Wil Neuton who moves with his family to Union Wisconsin. There he finds an island on Sucker Lake where he stays to learn about himself.   Wil likes riding his pedal early in the morning. He also likes watching nature. He is very tall for his age-6 feet 2-but well-built and strong. He is honest,cares about others and prefers to talk things through than resort to violence.   The title is genuine because the book is very much about the island and about Wil finding himself on this island. The island also becomes a very prominent point in Wils life. By equivalence and observation, he learns that all things are connected.   An interesting minor character is Emil Aucht. On the morning of his basic day in Pinewood Wil wakes up to find Emil staring at him through the window. Emil is an old man with one tooth, no hair and ears t hat stick out. He chews tobacco and spits brown gunk all everywhere the place. He first appears in the story to request that Wil help him get his car out of the mud. Then Emil reappears to fix the plumbing,wrecking Wils parents nerves in the process.   The atmosphere in the story is that of a small hick town in northern Wisconsinopen,friendly,relaxed and very laid-back. It strikes me as being very much like "cottage country" in northern Ontariolakes,forest,fishing,small town life. The time is the late 1980s.   The novel ends with Wil seeing that his father is watching him from shore. Wil rows over and finds that his father is tired and sad,his eyes rimmed with red from crying. Wil invites his father over to the island and realizes that this saga will only end when Wil finds an island big enough for his whole family so they can learn what he has learned.

Letter to the Editor Essay -- Comment on World Poverty

Dear Editor, I was disgusted to read the letter from Mr I Amok, and the points he do on poverty. Where he said, poverty isnt that bad, only a few nation are really poor. I think that he hasnt studied countries enough because countries in Africa have people that cant even afford sustenance, clean water and clothing as it is stated in the booklet where it said, our water hole dried up. Where he said people just wishing us to feel sorry for them, they just want us to help them because it was our fault in most cases that they got in that situation, because when we were a empire they were self count onent but we told them to grow cotton but as the years have gone on the cotton market has crashed and they are no longer self dependent. He al so said charity begins at home because not everyone can afford a car. A car is not important compared to food. People can live without cars, but people cant live without food it is not possible. World poverty is a growing issue I think mr I. Amok should be educated more(prenominal) on this situation. He may not realise all factors that are involved. In my opinion poverty is a massive factor in the 3rd world countries and everywhere else that it affects and mr I. Amok does not understand it as he has shown in the letter. He goes that he heard somewhere that there is enough food in the world to feed everyone, this is true but the problem is the 20% of rich people in the world use 80% of the resources the... ...his. This would get them up and running so the could begin to plan for the future. Another way in which we could help if we were really desperate to help, is the could have a fair trade calendar week were everywhere only sold products that fairly tr aded and this would help us to understand and it might even give the companies the urge to fair trade if they dont all ready do so. I think our contribution to aid has helped the these countries but we cant just keep giving them it because could just stop everything and depend on our aid which would put them in a even worse position which we or they dont wont to happen, although this may sound grating we should give them aid if they are desperately in need of it so they dont become dependent on the aid. I hope I have helped all the readers and especially Mr.Iamok. Yours truly,

Letter to the Editor Essay -- Comment on World Poverty

Dear Editor, I was disgusted to read the letter from Mr I Amok, and the points he made on poverty. Where he said, poverty isnt that bad, only a few people are re wholey poor. I think that he hasnt canvas countries enough because countries in Africa fuck off people that cant even afford food, clean water and clothing as it is stated in the pamphlet where it said, our water hole dried up. Where he said people just want us to feel sorry for them, they just want us to help them because it was our fault in most cases that they got in that situation, because when we were a empire they were self dependent but we told them to grow cotton but as the historic period have gone on the cotton market has crashed and they are no longer self dependent . He also said charity begins at menage because not everyone can afford a car. A car is not important compared to food. People can live without cars, but people slope live without food it is not possible. World poverty is a growing issue I think mr I. Amok should be educated more on this situation. He may not realise all factors that are involved. In my opinion poverty is a massive factor in the third piece countries and over else that it affects and mr I. Amok does not understand it as he has shown in the letter. He goes that he heard somewhere that there is enough food in the world to feed everyone, this is true but the problem is the 20% of rich people in the world use 80% of the resources the... ...his. This would get them up and data track so the could begin to plan for the future. Another way in which we could help if we were really desperate to help, is the could have a fair trade week were everywhere only sold products that fairly traded and t his would help us to understand and it might even put across the companies the urge to fair trade if they dont all ready do so. I think our contribution to aid has helped the these countries but we cant just keep giving them it because could just stop everything and depend on our aid which would put them in a even worse position which we or they dont wont to happen, although this may sound harsh we should give them aid if they are desperately in need of it so they dont become dependent on the aid. I hope I have helped all the readers and especially Mr.Iamok. Yours truly,

Rabbit Proof Fence Speech Essay

Assessment Task- )Good morning class, today I will tell you why it is extremely important for students to study texts that represent a potpourri of cultures. The films I have deconstructed to convey my points argon Bend it like Beckham, directed by Gurinder Chadha and Rabbit Proof reason, directed by Phillip Noyce. The ethnic concepts explained in these movies are the early 1900s British culture and how dominant and cruel they were, the aboriginal Australians and how they were treated badly, the Indian culture and how much their traditions matter to them and the modern British culture which is carefree. These texts are important to study as they give us a better rounded, less biased education as students can be taught to understand and accept people are different and learn how different cultures were treated throughout history. It is important that we study films from a variety of cultures be creator students nowadays affect to understand and accept that people are different. Thi s is drawn in a scene in the Rabbit Proof Fence where Mise en scene, there is the aboriginal tracker on the horse approaching the English man in the car when they had attempted to flank the girls. Technology defines this world and the huge step up from animal to mechanism shows a great difference in culture and should be noted. The film technique of aerial helicopter views greatly shows how much the aboriginal spirit birds dream up to them and their culture as this signalled the bird watching over them and protecting.This is in contrast to most shots of the dominant white males being angled up at them to show their power and how their desire is to be the dominant race. This is a terrible attitude and students moldiness learn that all people are equal and studying films intentional to give empathy to the victims is a good flair to teach that. Another difference in culture that is shown in a film is in Bend it like Beckham when all the soccer girls are in the change room and one of the girls questions jess on how she can stand getting married to someone just cause you are told to by your parents. Jess responds with its just culture. Students need to learn that people and their cultures are different and I believe that watching films with people with cultures that are ever so different, living side by side, will better students and give them a sounder less biased education. Films that show a variety of cultures, I believe should be taught to students because it helpstudents to have a better historical understanding of how people have been treated. This is important as student must learn from the mistakes of our elders who in the past have treated some cultures with total disrespect.The movie rabbit proof gives us a good insight into the way the aboriginal culture was poorly treated in the early 1900s. The film technique of a shot angled up at the protector, as he is talking to Molly when the two first meet, portrays the emotions of charge, hatred and hopel essness as there isnt much Molly can do to him. This film techniques shows the fear and helpless ness of the aboriginals who in the past were treated very horribly by the British. Students should study films like this because it helps open their eyes to how people were treated in the past, These two reasons is why I believe that students must be taught films that represent a variety of cultures. Using the films Bend it Like Beckham and Rabbit Proof Fence I have provided examples as to how they can be useful. These movies can teach students to be more accepting of other cultures and teach them how some cultures were treated in the past. Thank you everyone for listening and I hope youve considered what Ive said.

An informative look into the strata of B2B Communication Methods

In the conduct of this study, the question that must always be put in our mind is if there is a possibility for the city of Scottsdale and Marrakesh to concord a seam transaction to improve their economy as a whole. After reading all the necessary materials regarding the economic condition of the two cities, I have learned that Marrakesh has a 55. 5 % rate of share of services in the totality of the citys GDP. Moreover, Morocco is to a fault known for its industry in mining, food processing, leather goods, textiles and tourism. In terms of their educational attainment level, only 52% of the total population is literate.Its export commodities are mostly clothing, fish, crude minerals, fertilizer, transistors and inorganic chemicals. On the other hand, one of the booming industries in Scottsdale is the business and professional industry that enables them to have an impressive economic growth for the past years. They are as well known for their best resorts destinations and high tech nologies and bio-technology. Feasibility Study Based from the above facts that I gathered, I could say that there is a great possibility of having business with Marrakesh.In the industry of tourism, since Marrakesh is known for their tourism, Scottsdale could develop resorts in Marrakesh. The high rate of tourists that goes to Marrakesh would serve as an hazard for the Scottsdale to put up resorts. If this would go to happen, tourists in Marrakesh will treat to increase. At the same time, while benefiting the Scottsdale, the resort that will be established would surely cut the unemployment rate of Marrakesh since jobs will be provided to their citizens and, in the later years, could upheaval the poverty rate of Marrakesh (Shagazatova).On the other hand, since there is a high illiteracy rate in Marrakesh, and there are a lot of professionals in Scottsdale care teachers, Scottsdale could invest in establishing schools in the Marrakesh in order to uplift their rate of literacy. The schools that I am referring here are only vocational schools, will also provide basic knowledge regarding literacy, that might be a good help in the booming industry of Marrakesh (Ranis). With this, Scottsdale could also get workers from the schools that they had established. With the median sequence of 24 years, there would be no doubt that Marrakesh industry is concentrated on the service sector.Most of the companies here must be labor intensive in order to take advantage of the large pool of laborers in the market. Wage rate is expected to be low compared to other countries (Phelps). This is also one of the reasons wherefore it is advantageous to put up a business in Marrakesh aside from its economic opportunities in the current days. Since Scottsdale is well known for its business services, it would be a good decision to establish a service oriented company in Marrakesh. It could be in line with the transistors industry or textile industry that can be provided by Scottsdale t o the workers of Marrakesh.Data Gathering and Recommendations Through the suggested strategies above would definitely benefit both of the cities. Marrakesh could take advantage of the job opportunity that Scottsdales investors bring with them and the latter could take advantage of the tremendous amount of laborers in Marrakesh as well as the low operational costs in terms of the wage rate. After presenting this paper to the Scottsdales officials, data gathering in Marrakesh economic standing should be implemented right away in order to validate the theories that we have cited in this paper.The datas were then studied by the economic analysts of Scottsdale in order to have an in astuteness understanding of the current status of Marrakesh and in order for us to be guided in the actions that we are going to undertake. REFERENCES Phelps, Edmund S. Low-Wage Employment Subsidies Versus the Welfare State. 2007. Ranis, Gustav. Human teaching and Economic Growth. 2004. Shagazatova, Batir Mirbabayev and Malika. The Economic and Social Impact of Tourism. 2005.

Public Opinion of Police by Different Ethnic Groups Essay

Cooperation from members of the world is important in order for law of nature incumbents to efficaciously fight crime in spite of appearance the community. In order to obtain cooperation from members of the public, law force officers must gain their commit and confidence. It has been cognize that African Americans and Hispanics have lower levels of trust and confidence in constabulary because of racial disparities and racial profiling. This paper will discuss the public opinion of police by different ethnic groups and how racial minorities hold lower levels of trust and confidence in police. The paper will further discuss the November 5, 1992 Detroit Police beating of Malice Green and how members of the community perceived police response after the beating. Express your opinion on the topicAfrican Americans and Hispanics have lower levels of trust and confidence in police because of racial disparities and racial profiling. search has also shown that lower-income African A mericans hold negative views of police in general. Cooperation from individuals within the community comes from gaining trust and confidence within the police (Tyler, 2005). The public is more unstrained to coope tramp with police when trust and confidence is at a higher rate (Tyler, 2005). If members of the community do not trust the police system, then they will not use it (Tyler, 2005). Research has shown that colors and minorities help police in three different ways. The first is by reporting crimes and criminals (Tyler, 2005). The second is by working within their likeness to fight crime (Tyler, 2005). And the third is by supporting the disbursement of public resources to the police (Tyler, 2005). In 2002, 1,653 New Yorkers were surveyed in regards to the NYPD and policing activities in their neighborhood. Survey questionsincluded 1.) How likely would you be to call the police to report a crime that was occurring in your neighborhood? 2.) How likely would you be to help the police to find someone suspected of committing a crime by providing them with information? and 3.)How likely would you be to report dangerous or suspicious activities in your neighborhood to the police? (Tyler, 2005) The survey also asked how often the police use ethnic slurs against people in your neighborhood, treat people disrespectfully because of their race, abuse people physically because of their race, and bully or intimidate people because of their race? (Tyler, 2005) Results from the study indicated that respondents who were White had higher levels of trust and confidence in police than minorities (Tyler, 2005). Hispanics confidence in police was intermediate of Whites and Blacks (Tyler, 2005). Racial profiling has been a hot topic recently and has influenced citizens perceptions of police. Minorities that been stop due to racial profiling ar more willing to voice their dissatisfaction with the police. Minorities who have not been racially profiled but hear stories about r acial profiling may be more skeptical of future experiences with police. Research has found that minorities tend to rate officer legitimacy in a more objective manor when stopped by a minority officer (Tyler, 2005). Minorities that are stopped by White officers tend to be more skeptical of the officer behavior (Tyler, 2005). African Americans are the most skeptical of police behavior and especially believe they are treated unfairly when a White officer stops them (Tyler, 2005). Police officers race could be an important performer in improving citizen and officer relations.Having a diverse law enforcement agency can help better develop relationships within the community as intumesce as build trust and confidence, and assist in effective policing by encouraging support and cooperation from citizens of the community. Understanding how officer race can influence the perceptions of police by minorities is very important in todays society because police organizations have increasingly r eceived complaints for targeting minority drivers during trading stops (Cochran, Warren, 2012). It has been known that racial profiling is mostly associated with White officers. Data taken from the 2005 Police Public Contact Survey indicated that Black males and females negatively evaluated police behavior when stopped by a White officer, even if the officer provided a good reason to stop them (Cochran, Warren, 2012). If the officeris a minority, the response received was completely reversion (Cochran, Warren, 2012). With that being said, minority citizens who are stopped by a minority officer rate officer legitimately more objectively than if stopped by a White officer (Cochran, Warren, 2012). Research also showed that African Americans have a higher propensity for viewing police behavior as sound as the justice systems illegitimate (Cochran, Warren, 2012).Findings in regards to skepticism of police by Hispanic males and females came up invalid. Therefore suggesting that the rif t between police and citizens is focused within African American communities (Cochran, Warren, 2012). Include at least one contemporary event as an example to illustrate the main points On November 5, 1992, six white officers and one black supervising officer of the Detroit Police Department had repeatedly punched, kicked, and bludgeoned Malice Green, a Detroit African American resident, who later died because of the injuries (Sigleman, Welch, Bledsoe, & Combs, 1997). Mr. Greens closing was ruled as a homicide by blunt force trauma to the head. All seven of the officers were suspended.The media coverage was so intense and focused, therefore fostering an simulacrum of police as antagonistic or unresponsive to African Americans (Sigleman, Welch, Bledsoe, & Combs, 1997). In July 1992 and November 1992, the Wayne State University Center for Urban Studies completed an in-home interview with 1,124 residents in the Detroit area. The survey-contained questions pertaining to the perceptio ns of how Blacks were treated by police and how quickly did they respond to your calls for help. Results showed that Blacks were more skeptical than whites were on police response to calls for help (Sigleman, Welch, Bledsoe, & Combs, 1997). Blacks were also more suspicious that police would abuse powers during traffic stops (Sigleman, Welch, Bledsoe, & Combs, 1997). ConclusionResearch has shown African Americans express the lowest levels of trust within police whereas Whites express the highest level of trust within police and Hispanics are in the middle (Tyler, 2005). Research has also shown that the public is more willing to cooperate with police when trust and confidence is at a higher rate (Tyler, 2005). If members of the community do not trust the police system, then they will not use it (Tyler, 2005). Research has further shown that minority citizens who are stopped bya minority officers rate officer legitimately more objectively than if stopped by a White officer (Tyler, 2005 ).ReferencesCochran, J. C., & Warren, P. Y. (2012, May). Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Differences in Perceptions of the Police. daybook of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 28(2), 206-227. Sigelman, L., Welch, S., Bledsoe, T., & Combs, M., (1997, December). Police Brutality and Public Perceptions of Racial Discrimination A Tale of Two Beatings. Political Research Quarterly, 50(4), 777-791. Tyler, T. R. (2005, September). Policing in Black and White Ethnic Group Differences in Trust and Confidence in the Police. Police Quarterly, 8(3), 322-342.

Cloud Based IT Solutions

For effective team communication, entropy on cloud is greatly appreciated as it lessens the number of mail threads and attachments. The members are presumptuousness edit permissions to simultaneously update the file and the administrator can manage the application and the users.Cost Effective and ScalableBuying software and deploying in individual systems involves a lot of funds and hardware space.Hence Sm every Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) prefer using cloud applications to minimize cost. Other benefits include automatic updates and periodical maintenance, unlimited stock capacity and easy access from any geographical location. Pay-as-you-go model is common on all cloud applications or rather its one-time payment and above all the services are scalable according to the end users requirement without any impact on the performance.To ensure trade protection measures have been implemented the service provider issues service level agreements (SLAs) to the legitimate users.Disadva ntagesAlthough in that location are lots of pros in cloud computing, one has to accept the fact there can always be an outage or some technical problems. Theres a high risk involved in transferring confidential data to cloud and hence the companys are expected to retrace sure their data is secured with their service provider.Hackers steal data from a physical machine through side-channel attack by monitoring the cached data from a realistic machine. Side-channel attacks are a class of attacks where an attacker attempts to assess the state of a cryptographic device and its contents. Botnet attack is yet another crucial issue when vixenish codes are injected where the authentic users are denied access. Kourik states new vulnerabilities inherent to Cloud computing include breaches from one virtual computing space to another, misappropriation of session security from web protocols, and limited encryption capabilities in many protocols.(2011)Due to resource pooling, the data entered by the previous user may be retrieved through data recovery and accessed by the current allocated user.The other issues include failure to access data during internet downtime (typically during natural calamities) and flexibility to swap other cloud applications and slow down or no prompt customer support. Although the SLAs are produced by the service provider, the user is bound to do the due diligence periodically as there are possibilities of having difference administrative laws throughout the world.ReferencesADDIN EN.REFLIST Ali, M., Khan, S. U., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2015).Security in cloud computing Opportunities and challenges. Information Sciences, 305, 357. Anca, A., Florina, P., Geanina, U., George, S., & Gyorgy, T. (2014).New Classes of Applications in the Cloud. Evaluating Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing for Telemetry Applications.Database Systems Journal(1), 3-14. Choo, K.-K. R. (2010).Cloud computing challenges and future directions.(Trends & ampere issu es)(Report).Trends & Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, 1.

“Fools Tell All They Know” or The Wisdom of Feste in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night

Almost all of Shakespe ares plays kick in a clown character. Clowns were popular and amusing, and were simple characters that the lower class audience members could relate to, amidst all the royal flock plays were populated with. But the clowns in Shakespeares plays served a dual purpose. Not only were they sources of comedy, but also sources of truth. Wisdom and advice are imparted through the lines of these figures of fun. The clowns reflected the true nature or intentions of the other, more noble characters. They also foreshadow coming events. One of the most striking examples of this type of clown is the character of Feste in Twelfth Night. Feste dispenses advice and exposes truths to most of the study characters of the play. Though he is only a shoot down, he seems to be the only character in the play that truly has his wits about him.Feste mirrors each of the briny characters, revealing facets of their respective dispositions. He often shares knowledge about other character s of which they were non aware. For example, Feste is most closely related to Olivia. She is his patron and calls upon him to amuse her. But Feste does not entertain in the standard way of a clown. He realizes that Olivia is not in control of her emotions when it comes to love, and that she lacks control over her subordinates. He says, in an aside,Wit, ant be thy will, puzzle me into good foolingThose wits that think they have thee do very oft prove foolsAnd I that am sure I lack thee whitethorn pass for a wise man.For what say Quinapalus? -Better a witty fool than a foolish wit. (1.5.29-31)Feste knows what is going on with Olivias predicament with Orsino, but muted plays the fool. He expresses his feelings of apprehension for Olivia and her supposed wisdom. Feste thinks Olivias actions are silly, and is not afraid to tell her so in indirect ways. When Olivia gets tired of Festes obscure advice, she tells her attendants to take away the fool, and Feste returns, The doll bade tak e the fool away, therefore I say again/take her away . . . I wear not motley in my virtuoso/good deliriousonna give me leave to prove you a fool (1.5.45-6, 49-51). He continues by asking Olivia why she mourns for the loss of her brother. If she believes his souls to be in heaven, as she does, then there is no reason for sorrow. Feste uses a sort of quirky pragmatism to try and show Olivia how silly she is being, but is does not work, because Olivia refuses to think of his advice as anything but the ramblings of a fool. Though Feste does seem, in some ways, to be very educated no one takes his suggestions seriously.Feste is the only character in the play that crosses into any world. He is privy to the secrets of Countess Olivia, he sings to and foretells the intend of Orsino, he guides Viola and Sebastian, Feste also ventures into the tavern world of Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, Fabian and Maria. Olivia bids him to enter this world by asking him to play after her kinsman, Sir Toby, who is a drowned man, that is to say, drowned with drink. Feste takes a lighter view of Sir Toby stat of mind by saying he is mad with drink claiming, He is but mad yet, Madonna, and the fool shall look to the madman. In the context of the play, Sir Toby plays more the part of the classic fool than Feste. He is merely a comic figure with no more depth to him than that of the stock drunkard. Feste is the genius of the play, but is not noble, and so does not really fit in anywhere. Sir Toby and Sir Andrew treat Feste as twain a title-holder and a servant, paying him to sing, but requesting his company and help in their practical jokes. Feste reveals his foreknowledge about events to come in his song to Sir Toby,O mistress mine, where are you roaming?O stay and hear, your true loves comingThat can sing both high and lowTrip no further passably sweetingJourneys end in Lovers meetingEvery wise mans son doth know. (2.3.36-40)Feste reveals to these two drunkards the plot of the entire play . Of course, they do not understand and simply praise Festes render ability, but, nevertheless, he has revealed his wisdom and knowledge about the other characters. Later in the play, they request that Feste dress up as a wise man to fool Malvolio into thinking he has lost his wits. Feste humbly obliges and does so, playing the part willingly and well. Shakespeares characters love to disguise themselves this theme is often important to the plot of his comedies, but in this case, the disguise takes an ironic turn. Feste, in dressing up as a wise man, reveals his true nature instead of concealing it. Though this scene is meant to be played for bald comedic value, the audience gets a glimpse of the true nature of the clown. Truly, though, Feste does not seem very interested in the torment of Malvolio, and ultimately provides him with direction to resolve his unfair predicament. Look then to be well edified when the fool delivers the madman, Feste says as he reads the letter that leads to Malvolios release from captivity.Feste is also aware of the fate that will befall Orsino. He is welcome3d to the music-loving court at Orsinos home, perhaps because he belongs to Olivia, and in this way, at least, Orsino can feel he has some sort of consanguinity with her. Feste quick sees through Orsinos melancholy and wishes,Now the melancholy god protect thee, and the tailormake thy doublet of changeable taffeta, for thy mind is a veryopal. I would have men of such constancy put to sea, that theirbusiness might be everything, and their intent everywhere, forthats it that always makes a good voyage of nothing. (2.4.72-6)Feste knows exactly what Orsino is feeling, how his relationship with Olivia is mold up, and what his last result will be. Orsino is fickle and shallow and Feste knows it. When Orsino and Feste meet again later in the play, Feste is resentful of his patronage, wishing the worse for his friends, then calling Orsino his friend (5.1.10,22). Clearly, like the a udience, Feste does not care for the Duke Orsino.Feste reveals his wisdom most clearly in his conversations with Viola. Though he refers to her as sir, he does so in a black way, as if he knows her secret. Viola also forces Feste to consider his own circumstances, and he meditates, A sentence is but a chevril glove to a good wit-how quickly the wrong side may be turned outward, and Viola counters with, Nay, thats certain. They that dally nicely with words may quickly make them wanton, (3.1.10-14).Since Feste is an actor, Shakespeare is playing with the meaning of these lines in one of his favorite ways, by reminding the audience they are watching a play. These two are certainly the most charming characters of the play and their dialogue reveals as much. Both know a little about the others true nature, and are not afraid to share their knowledge with each other. Feste prefers Viola (as Cesario) to Orsino as a suitor for his mistress, and so tries to help win her, and mistakenly, Seb astian, to Olivias favor.Feste seems to grow tired of his fools role in the play. By Act three he declares, Words are freehanded so false, I am lost to make reason with them, (3.1.22-3). He has an air of resignation in his lines towards the end of the play, ultimately leading up to his final epilogue. This song chronicles his life, in a melancholy way, ending with, But thats all one, our play is done/ And well strive to please you every day. Festes final words are riddled with melancholy he is doomed to always play the fool, to never be free of the constraints of the play.As a fool, Feste has all the necessary qualities singing, impersonation, joke-telling. But, as a character, he is much more than a jester. He is the key to Twelfth Night. He gives the play depth and substance that other comedies do not contain. He weaves all the worlds of the play together with witty words and melancholy ballads. Feste is the binding element in an otherwise contrived and ordinary play.

Cooking and Food Safety Measures Essay

Q1 Identify potential viands safety hazards when preparing, serving, clearing away and storing aliment and whoop it up. People can commove sick if the solid food they feed in has harmful chemicals or microorganisms. This is called food-borne illness. The goal of food safety is to interdict the hazards that cause food-borne illness or injury. Most of the hazards in food are things you can non see, smell, or taste. Physical hazard Hard or soft objects in food that can cause injury. For example, broken glass, jewellery, staples and fingernails. Chemical hazard barbarous substances that occur naturally or are added during food handling. For example, passablying products and pest control chemicals. Biological hazard Germs that cannot be seen without microscope. For example, parasites, viruses and bacteria. ( Preparing While preparing food, food workers must finish off watches, rings, bracelets, and all other jewelry on the arms or hands. Using the same cloth for cleaning sur faces used for both primitive, i. e. meat and poultry, and ready to eat foods Physical contamination e. g. flies, jewellery, broken glass and equipment in bad condition.( Storing Store raw meats at the bottom of the fridge to prevent meat juice move on the other food Eggs will be stored under refrigeration in order to reduce the growth of Salmonella No cleaning materials should be stored where they may come into contact with idle food. Dried foods will be decanted into seal-able containers in order to protect from physical and chemical contamination ( helping Serving Ready-to-eat food (e. g. sliced fruit, cooked pizza, bread) without additional washing or cooking to remove microorganisms. Must use utensils such as tongs, scoops, deli papers, or single-use gloves to note from mite ready-to-eat foods. You place food and drink within easy r apiece of the individual You serve food and drink with the appropriate utensils and in a hygienic air ( Cleaning away viands-conta ct surfaces should be washed, rinsed, and sanitized after each use. Scrape excess food into a rubbish bin Leave dishes and cooking utensils to air-dry or wipe with clean dry cloth. Rinse in clean hot water Encourage individuals to wash their hands and clean themselves.Q2 Explain the brilliance of implementing food safety mea accepteds when providing food and drink individuals. Every day people all over the world get sick from the food they eat. This sickness is called food-borne complaint and is caused by dangerous microorganisms or chemicals. The importance of implementing food safety measures when handling food and drink is to keep children and young people safe from food-borne illnesses. Q3 Explain wherefore personal protective clothing should be used when handling food and drink. Personal protective clothing should be used to protect the wearer from specific hazards of a hazardous substance. PPE includes gloves, respiratory protection, eye protection, and protective clo thing. You should always wear gloves to minimize the chance of bacteria entering the food from unclean hands. Gloves must be changed each time you do a different task, e. g. preparing sandwiches then going into walk in cooler-touching different contaminated surfaces. Aprons and chef jackets are a great way to prevent any of your clothing from contaminating the food. Hairnets and hats are used to prevent hairs from entering food and drink.Q4 Explain why surfaces, utensils and equipment must be cleaned before beginning a new task. Surfaces, utensils and equipment must be cleaned before beginning a new task to prevent cross-contamination. Cross-contamination is one of the most common causes of food poisoning. It happens when harmful bacteria are spread onto food from other food, surfaces, hands, utensils or equipment. Q5 Explain the importance of clearing and disposing of food shove along promptly and safely. Food waste must be disposed of on a regular basis. This helps to preve nt cross contamination. Pests such as flies and insects love leftovers.There is also the added risk of attracting mice and rats. Food waste and other refuse must not be allowed to left in food rooms, except so far as is unavoidable during the business operation. It is costly practice to remove all waste from the food room at the end of the day. Food waste and other refuse must be deposited in closable containers. These containers must be of an appropriate construction, kept in sound condition, and where necessary be easy to clean and disinfect. Adequate provision must be make for the removal and storage of food waste and other refuse. Refuse stores must be designed and managed in such a way as to change them to be kept clean, and to protect against access by pests, and against contamination of food, drinking water, equipment or premises. Refuse should be removed frequently and, depending on the size and cause of business more than one collection/removal per week may be requi red. Storage facilities must be kept in a clean condition and the waste must be protected from rodents or birds. Q6 Explain the importance of storing different types of food and drink safely.The importance of storing different types of food and drink safely is to avoid cross contamination and ensure a good rotation of stock. In the UK we end up throwing away 8. 3 million tonnes of food and drink every year and most of this could have been eaten. There are simple things you can do to reduce waste to try to make sure you arrogatet buy or cook more food than you want to eat. Some food needs to be kept in the fridge to help stop bacteria from growing on it, such as food with a use by date, cooked food and ready-to-eat food such as desserts and cooked meats. Keep food covered to protect it from contamination from raw foods and physical objects Always store cooked food above raw meat in the refrigerator this will eliminate the risk of contamination from bacteria and meat juice spilla ge to other foods. Do not store food in open cans because when a can has been opened and the food is open to the air, the tin from the can might transfer more quickly to the cans contents. Do not overstock the refrigerator, as this will affect the airflow around the food.You can keep food safely in the freezer as long as it has stayed frozen the whole time however, the taste and texture of food changes if its frozen for too long. It should be all right to freeze most raw or cooked foods. Freeze it before the use by date Follow any freezing or thawing instructions on the label unfreeze it in the fridge so that it doesnt get too warm. Ensure food is thoroughly defrosted before cooking food Many types of food dont need to be kept in the fridge to keep them safe to eat, for example dry foods such as rice, pasta and flour, many types of drinks, tin foods, and unopened jars.But its still important to take care how you store them. Try to keep food in sealed bags or containers. Thi s helps to keep them fresh and stops anything falling into the food by accident. enduret store food or drinks near cleaning products or other chemicals. Dont store food on the floor, because this can encourage mice, ants and other pests. Remember that some types of food might need to be kept in the fridge once youve opened them follow any storage instructions on the label. Task 2 Q1 Identify sources of information about food safety. Food Safety Education Food safety training Research and development Q2 Describe how to access and support about own role in maintaining food safety when providing food and drink for individuals. Talking to teacher or leader of placement Listen and take notes Making posters.Bibliography ( Notes (http//www. who. int/foodsafety/publications/consumer/manual_keys. pdf ( http//web. princeton. edu/sites/ehs/hazardcommguide/3. htm (http//www. caerphilly. gov. uk/Pdf/Environment_Planning/HACCP-self-help-guidance-pack-for-caterers. pdf.

Interesting characters Essay

moth miller also uses many dramatic devices to attain emotional intensity at the outset of recreate 2. The use of short sentences and many pauses allow the audience to speculate about the state of John and Elizabeths relationship and wonder why it has sour out this way. Two examples of short lines are I am and aye an example of the pauses is he eats, she watches. The pauses and short lines allow the lines to have time to sink in thence potentially creating more emotion, but also making us sad at their separation.The use of Elizabeth and John having an argument creates tension and the way Elizabeth hurt and really coldly says good then let you think on it before she stands and starts to walk out of the room. It is clear from the beginning of the scene these characters are deny information about the nature of their separation, this causes the audience to come to some upsetting and hasty conclusions. Millers use of dramatic devices in Act Two helps the play achieve its emotional intensity.The play has a few radicals throughout which repeat themselves. Firstly origin is a large theme of the play forever and a day being bought up. In fact the one thing all the characters have in common is there lust for power, Reverend Parris uses the witch trials to gain power and respect. Abigail and her allies work for the court in order to get power, this is shown when Elizabeth says she raises up her chin like the daughter of a prince and says to me I must go to capital of Oregon Goody Proctor I am an official of the court This shows she is working for the court in order to gain power. Elizabeth would like to have power oer Proctor. Power is often exploited in the western world, The Crucible shows that people made this same mistake in Salem. Power is an extremely sensitive theme able to evoke deep emotions. The second theme is hysteria, the girls are completely hysterical at the end of Act one this is linked to power as some think that the use of hysteria can help ga in power. The hysteria moves the audience and keeps them deeply involved in the play.The final theme is dignity, which has been doomed throughout the play up until the last part of the play where proctor gains a great deal of respect, and dignity. In Act one Tituba has her dignity stolen, from her as does Abigail and the other girls. In Act Two John loses his dignity when he refuses to tell the court about Abigail. Themes play a major part in maintaining emotional intensity at the end of Act One and the beginning of Act Two. It is clear that The Crucible is emotionally intense at the end of Act One and beginning of Act Two.Miller creates this intensity by employing dramatic techniques and drawing upon contextual significance to present two intense, but contrasting scenes. regular though the original audience would have found it emotional on different scales, it is obvious that all audiences would find it emotionally intense to some extent. Miller achieved emotional intensity by his use of dramatic techniques, interesting characters, allegorical significance and emotive themes.

Better Pay and Working Conditions in Multinational Essay

Reaction theme Part I Identification Alexander Hijzen and Paul Swaim, Do multinationals promote better pay and running(a) goldbrickditions? OECD (Organization for frugal Development) Observer, October 2008 Issue 269, pp 15 17. Part II Abstract Summary The article examines the behavior of world-wide business enterprises, also k straight offn as multinational enterprises (MNEs), wages and working conditions, from the perception of the Organization for Economic Development (OECD).It gives a basic definition of a MNE as a corporation with headquarters in one country and affiliates, subsidiaries or merged operations in one or several new(prenominal) countries. Example MNEs mentioned in the article include Coca-Cola, Nike, Microsoft, EDF (French energy company), Rio Tinto (British-Australian mining firm), and Toyota. The article notes that there atomic number 18 thousands of MNEs and that they all are not a symbol of Western economic dominance. Some of the top firms listed now in FT one of the UKs top international business magazines includes China, Russia, India, and Brazil.First, the article addresses the pro and con minds that supporters and opponents of globalization bring to the working table of MNEs. It stresses the fact that no matter what ones opinion may be, the role of the MNEs in the world economy will continue to grow. Next, the article discusses the nature of MNEs as well as notes their advantages on employment (wages and working conditions). Concerning the wages, the article mentions that MNEs technical expertise and modern steering styles would provide a basis for higher(prenominal) pay wages.However, the pessimists doubt the higher pay since the MNEs are typically in a strong bargaining position with local workers. The article explains that the best way to state the question do multinational promote better pay and working conditions was to present a likeness of local and hostile companies in terms of their labor practices. So a study was completed to key out on this question. The study showed that MNEs do tend to pay more than local firms that compete in the same markets. In general the pay is 40% higher.The study also noted that the pay may be higher to minimize worker turnover and reduce monitoring cost. These results were based upon the report focusing on three OECD countries (Germany, Portugal, and the UK) and two emerging economies (Brazil and Indonesia). Then the fountain presented the results from the study of those newly hired workers pay vs. those workers who go from a domestic to a foreign-owned firm, as well as their adjustments to labor practices/working conditions. The study showed higher wages for newly hired workers and small losses or no effect for those moving to foreign firms.Several previous studies were mentioned which noted that multinational tend to adapt to local practices rather than impose their own. Finally, the author expresses the effect that experienced managers have on MNEs. It has been proven that local firms that recruit managers with experience in multinationals adore higher productivity. They can more easily recognize and enforce internationally accepted labor standards. In the end, it is noted that not only experienced managers but also government support is what will booster the MNEs be productive and help development.

My experience, role and learning support Essay

In accordance to the ethical guidelines written by The British Education seek Association (BERA, 2004), the names of the youngsterren and naturalise, where used, waste been changed in order to maintain overconfidentiality and anonymity. My role (Hancock et al. , 2013 p1) States that the practice of tuition set up as carried out by teaching back upants has developed considerably in recent terms. In the nursery I regulate along side two higher level teaching assistants and the nursery teacher.At this stage of school look, the majority of learning is by centre of play, so we encourage the use of structured, tumefy thought out fun educational games and play either in small groups or on a one to one basis, I carry out structured activities i. e. drawing, writing, crafting and reading, either on a one to one basis or with a small group of usually 4-6 kidren. I back up identify any kidskin or children that may benefit from further one to one sponsor, through economizeing well informed observation notes (KU1.1) (KS3. 1) (PPS4. 3) In my role as classroom assistant in year one, my role is very similar to that of the classroom assistant, Margaret Verrecchie, in reader book 1 (Hancock et al. , 2013, pg4) A classroom assistant) I get going along side the teacher and one teaching assistant. I help the teacher in the classroom, prepare resources for the session and offer the children extra assume with reading and writing, it depends on what the teacher wants and needs and on what she asks me to do.Each day is diametric, and my duties vary accordingly. (PPS4. 3) (KS3. 1) As a midday supervisor, I work along side 10 opposite midday supervisors, supervising the children in the dining area and other parts of the school during the lunch sequence break. I help the children with a variety of tasks such as cutting up food, unwrapping of pack lunches and help teach good eating habits, After the children finish eating, we go to the playground, or if its wet play , a classroom, where I supervise the children at play.I ensure pupils concur out of areas that are out of bounds, deal with misbehaviour, reporting any problems that Im unable to settle down to my duty manager, I attend to all pupils who are sick or injured, ensuring they receive the appropriate medical exam attention, reporting all accidents in the accident report book, I am certain of my responsibilities under the child protection legislation, reporting any concerns I may deem to my senior supervisor or child protection officer.I enjoy this role as it allows me to see the children in a more relaxed environment, freehand me the invaluable opportunity to get to receipt the children, on a more personal level, getting to know their personalities outside of the classroom. As lunchtimes are a great opportunity for the children to burn of f some s police squad, I try to encourage the children to take part in lots of physical activities like skipping and hoopla hoops. (PPS4. 3)I c an personally relate to the parent helper in the (The Open University, 2013) E111 DVD sequence Pam Crawford is a parent helper with a son who is special needs statemented, In the sequence, Pam states that she originally conveyed to volunteer mainly to stand-in her son, notwithstanding along the way she decided that existence a teaching assistant was what she cherished to be, so started a college course to train to become a qualified teaching assistant, which is exactly the akin as why I am doing this course. FrameworkI provide a varied and encompassing array of duties and tasks on a daily basis in living to the pupils, the teacher, the school and the curriculum, through perform activities on a one to one basis or as part of a team with my work colleagues. Although they do tend to regularly overlap each other, I offer the four levels of support as pointed in the DfEE framework. (PPS4. 3) To support the pupils I encourage them to act independently in an appropriate way, to act with each other and engage enthusiastically in all the classroom activities.I try to erect a good relationship with all the pupils, acting as a good role model, being aware of and responding appropriately to all individual needs. I supervise and support all the pupils ensuring their safety and answer sure they have access to learning at all times. I help them to develop their skills in listening, to express their feelings and ideas, help them to understand, describe, select and retrieve information, show them ways in which to help with problem solving, conference etc. I overly attend to all pupils personal needs including social, health, physical, hygiene, minor number 1 serve and general well being.To help support the teacher, I prepare the classroom as and when needed for the lessons thus clear everything away at the end of the lesson. I similarly help display pupils work more or less the classroom I keep records as and when asked to do so by the teacher. I also supp ort the teacher by managing pupil behaviour, reporting all difficulties appropriately, to the relevant member of staff. I also hoard and report and information to and from parents or public lifes at the end of the school day and I provide validation duties as and when the teacher requires.To support the school I participate in any training and learning activities and any performance breeding meetings as and when required, I contribute to the general ethos of the school, I am aware of and support difference and ensure all pupils have equal access to opportunities to learn and discover and to be aware of and comply with policies and procedures relating to child protection, health, safety and security, confidentiality and data protection, reporting all concerns to an appropriate person.To help support the curriculum I help prepare and maintain equipment/resources as say by the teacher and assist the pupils in their use, also supporting the pupils in using basic ICT as directed by the teacher. I support the pupils in respect to national and local learning strategies e. g. literacy, numeracy, early years as directed by the teacher and help pupils understands instructions that have been given by the teacher. Previous interests and experiencesI enjoyed school and took part in lots of school activities like the school productions and the school summer floats at bazaar time, I also learnt to play the flute which gained me a place in the school orchestra. I was confident and never had problems making friends, although I did struggle with my school work, but I never let it frustrate me, I always strived to do my best. I have always been able to take the initiative and have a positive and adaptable personality. I find it easy to fit in with my surroundings and work well as part of a team or on my own. Since leaving school, Ive worked for mixed companies, big and small.Ive been a company administrator for a large company, which built up my bureau working as part o f a team which encouraged me to be more efficient with my time as I had to work to strict deadlines, gaining knowledge on company policies and procedures and improving my ICT, and communication skills. I was also a care worker for a care agency where confidentiality was paramount I went to invitees homes to perform various duties from personal care to shopping and housework. Its through this job that I learnt skills to encourage people to be independent and carry out simple instructions/tasks.Its also through this job that I learnt the importance of confidentiality and to keep completely accurate, up to date client experimental records. I have three children of my own now and the experiences gained from being a mother, on top of the experiences gained from anterior employment and my current employment, has enabled me to make the clear decision that I would like to pursue a career as a teaching assistant as I feel that the skills Ive gained through life are all relevant to a teach ing assistants role and skills that I have acquired for life.Key theories and concepts Both Piaget and Vygotsky were instrumental in forming a scientific approach on cognitive growth in children. Jean Piaget was one of the first psychologists to reveal that children reason and intend differently at different periods in their lives. Piaget considered development went through four stages Sensori-motor Pre-Operational Concrete Operational and the formal Operational stage.The Sensori-motor period (0-2 yrs) is the first stage, as the infants interactions are based on exploring their environment through their senses and abilities, such as hold and sucking, this also includes practice play as the infant is able to repeat actions continually, but with no intention. The pre-Operational stage (2-7 yrs) is where childrens language is rapidly developed, allowing them to express themselves. They start to use pretend play and parallel play which means children are talking but it is not directe d at anyone in particular.The Concrete operation (7-11 yrs) and noble Operational (11-adult) periods are the third and fourth stages. These are not usually considered in early childhood education but they are still equally important as they are able to think realistically and logically about situations and understand their world (Pulaski. 1980) Vygotsky believes childrens learning of new cognitive skills is manoeuver by an adult or a more skilled child, such as an older sibling, who structures the childs learning experience, a process Vygotsky called scaffolding.To create an appropriate scaffold, the adult must gain and keep the childs attention, model the best strategy and adapt the whole process to the childs developmental level. Vygotsky used this term to signify tasks that are too hard for the child to do alone, but can manage with guidance. Children do seem to follow a certain internal structure, for example grasping and touching, but not all children learn in the very(pren ominal) way or at the same pace.A classic example of Vygotskys scaffolding theory can be seen with my two sons, the youngest that at the time was in nappies wanted to use the big toilet like his big brother, so as suggested by Vygotsky, my eldest son used the scaffolding technique. Vygotskys ideas have important educational applications, like Piagets, Vygotskys theory suggest the importance of opportunities for active exploration. But assisted discovery would play a greater role in a Vygotskian classroom than in a Piagetian class The teacher would provide the scaffolding for childrens discovery, through questions, demonstrations and explanations.To be effective, the assisted discovery processes would have to be within the zone of proximal development of each child (Bee and Boyd, p38. (2009) Cognitive learning is not just internal but also external. Piaget believed that developmental growth was learned in stages. Vygotsky believed that learning was a social and progressive process th at did not start or stop at a certain stage or age. A childs activity plays a key role in the way they learn. I believe that both these theories go hand in hand and that the environmental factors do influence learning behaviours. Training needsMy overall aim is to become a qualified teaching assistant, for primary school aged children, which I will gain through completing this course and with the ongoing training I am receiving at work. I aim to develop a better understanding of the ways in which children learn and be more involved in the planning and preparation of lessons. Even though I am a valued member of staff, I still feel that I need to develop my relationships further with professional bodies. I feel I also need to develop my leadership skills further, in order for me to improve my intensity level in leading pupils through a class activity.

Customers bank Essay

For Businesses to survive they need to rely on customers acquire their goods or serve sales can also come from other moving ines or members of the public. 1) Goods argon what ar sold to the customer . For example businesses like wholesalers and retailers sell goods. Goods are tangible things, they are utilize up. Goods are made up of materials like woods, food and cotton. 2) Services Services are sold also hardly are non tangible, you cant see them. A service is a skill which is provided in order to help the customer or business. Services include National Health, Banking, Teaching and the police.3) Business to business Businesses can offer their goods and service to other business. For example an airline company volition purchase the services of a catering company. They do this so they dont waste time making their throw food. 4) Business to customer Business also sell goods and services to customers or individuals. For example banks offer their financial services to indi viduals who need loans or advice. Sales Documents 1) Order received ( see example 5) This document is produced by the supplier and is move to the customer. This is use to conform with the customer what they have ordered.Details like the product description and how many they require are written down. 2) Sales Invoice (see Example 6) This document is sent to the customer to tell them how much they owe. Its similar to the purchase invoice and includes things like VAT and discounts. Also it includes the description of the product. The sales invoice is different because itss only issued when a good has been delivered and has not stipendiary for unless the customer has paying(a) immediately. Delivery Note (see Example 7) A delivery honour is given to the customer when the goods are delivered.The documents tells you what has been delivered and how many has been delivered. Also on it is the customers address so its similar to the goods received note. This document is a security pulsat ion so the right goods end up in the right place. The delivery note is given to the driver of the truck who deliver the goods and is thence passed on to the customer. Sales Credit Note (see Example 8) This document is used by the customer in the event of an error in the supplied goods. For example if you bought a pair of habilitate returned home and found a tear in them you can ask for a refund or accept a sales Credit Note.This would allow you to return to the shop in the future and qualify the note for a good or goods of the same value. The credit note is issued by the supplier and is sent to the customer. Statement of Account ( see Example 9) A controversy of enumerate is sent by a supplier to a customer. It states all exercises made in the month by the customer, any specie outstanding, the total amount of specie due on each invoice and the total balance which has to be paid. Remittance Advice (see Example 10) A absolution advice slip will often accompany the statement o f account form.It is sent with check into by the customer. This slip helps the supplier accurately process the payment when it is received. The supplier issues the remittance advice slip and the customer makes use of it by matching it with the invoice or statement of account and then sends it back with the cheque or other payment, this makes it easier for the supplier to match up cheque to invoices When you pay for something in hard cash you need some sort of proof youre bought it. The proof you need is to collect a know. This is needed if you want to make a refund or if you want to exchange your product for something else.The receipt is written proof of your purchase and should include the following- The date, Receipt number, Name of company, Description of the product, Amount paid (inc. VAT). A copy of the receipt is kept by the payee for their records and to provide evidence of VAT for recording purposes. check-out procedure (see Example 12) When you pay for something by cheq ue the cheque the cheque itself is a proof of purchase so a receipt is not needed. The cheque is similar to the receipt and will include the date and the amount. simply the cheque also has the name of the soulfulness you are paying.The cheque will then be interpreted by that person to their bank to be cashed. A cheque is a receipt because when you pay by cheque shows up on your bank statement which acts as a receipt. Paying-in slips (see Example 13) Paying-in slips are used to put money into a bank account. This slip has a detachable section which is given with the cash and cheque the bank who place the money into the account. Left over is a section which is stamped to show that the money will be credited to our your account. On the slip is the amount deposited, the date and the name of the bank. Paying in slips vary from bank to bank. Banking statement (see Example 14 )If you have a bank account you will also have a Bank statements. These are used to tell how much you have in you r account, how much money you deposited and how much you have withdrawn and to see how much you invest you have pull in It also tells you where and when you took your money out. Bank statements are basically used to keep track of your money. Cash is the almost common way to pay. Its comes in two forms, coins and banknotes. In addition to this there are different note and coins which represent different amounts. Banknotes and coins can be copied or forged so it is wise to check the notes are genuine.Credit Card. Credit Card are alternatives to cash or cheques. They can be used at home and abroad wherever they are accepted. Instead of handing over cash or a transaction voucher by the customer. This voucher is then sent to the bank, who then sent the customer a statement saying hour much they owe. The statement usually takes a long time to arrive so the cardholder has time to come up with the money they owe. This is the interest free period, but interest is changed if the account is not cleared in that period. Debit Card A Debit Card is basically a cheque book and cheque card combined.At the point of purchase the money is debited from the customers bank account, after which a transaction voucher has to be signed by the customer so that company knows the right person has used the right card. Also so the company can keep a record of whom has shopped at their establishment. PC5 Importance of security It is very important that financial transactions are recorded clearly and accurately to protect them from theft, fraud and criminal damage . Security checks are there to prevent fraud, theft and to check into high standards of honesty. By constantly checking records and by special equipment which can detect security checks.

Athletes and Financial Investment Firms

The goal for a large majority of individuals in todays society is to achieve maximum monetary stability in the shortest period of sequence possible. However, most do not achieve this goal as expeditiously as they once had hoped. It is for this fountain that a majority of individuals view their success in relation to what one obtains in the form of twain material goods and financial acquisitions. Does the acquisition of material goods or financial gains insure financial stability?Is there peace of mind for an individual once these goals of procurement are achieved? Is there anyway to insure financial peace of mind? The simple answer would be to become a professional athlete, to win the lottery, or marry into Bill Gates family. However, these are all long shots for a majority of the world. but even these do not guarantee long-term financial stability. That is why it is becoming increasingly most-valuable to possess a high level of competency in the area of riches management.W hat exactly is wealth management? Wealth management is the proficient administration of ones total assets through financial planning and accurately allocating wealth to achieve a financial goal. Financial planning integrates the execution of mixed financial services, which promote growth, and stability of an investors wealth. Planning is differentiated according to the specific needs and focal point of individuals. A high-net-worth individual would bear distinct goals that differentiate from that of a small-time investor.Albeit that these investors may have peculiar objectives, the necessity for a competent provider of such financial services is evident. The world of finance is aleatory and continuously shifting. Investors find themselves overwhelmed by intimidation caused by the perception that investment firms are bottom-line oriented with no regard to their personal financial goals. As a result, investment firms are making resilient efforts to check investors and offer them e xtended financial services. These services are specifically designed through a financial plan, which caters to the individual investor.

Persuasion Essay Against Online Eduation Essay

Nowadays, everything about the world is accessible at superstars fingertips. Left and right, technological advancements surge throughout stores, offices, and schools. Not hardly are schools becoming more(prenominal) technology friendly, but online schooling is also growing rapidly. These online schools are attracting millions of teenagers around the world, but they are non as good as they seem. Many teenagers who visit online schools prefer handed-down schooling since online schools wish several(prenominal) necessary aspects for learning. Some feel like they do not learn overmuch, if anything at any, and others dislike how gratis(p) they feel from their instructors or other scholars. Although education specialists claim that online education has more benefits, it should not replace conventional education used by the current school system.Granted, online education provides a more flexible schedule. Usually, the schoolchilds who attend online school score very busy sche dules, and online schooling allows them to have a schedule that fits their needs. These students do not have to follow a set time schedule. They are allowed to log in and out of their menstruate whenever their schedule permits, and as long as they complete their assignments by a certain deadline, they pass the course. Also, if a student moves at a slower pace compared to other students, then that student hobo bring in his or her time with the lesson. Likewise, if another student learns much faster compared to the average student, then he or she can speed through the lesson without waiting for others.However, attending an online school will lead to a lack of social interaction. Students from online programs can talk to each other through student forums and discussion boards, but they have a very slim chance of meeting face to face considering many of these students live all around the world. With these student forums and discussion boards, the response comments can make an everlas ting strand of posts, but no one will be interested enough to read all of them. All of these conflicts make it harder to stimulate long-lasting friendships. In addition, these students do not really get to know each other. Besides that, these students do not get to experience all the activities that traditional schools have to go like extracurricular clubs. They also cannot create those glorious memories that most people laugh at when they are older and reminiscing.Nevertheless, online education is much cheaper and can save a family a large amount of money. Since these families do not have to even up for tuition, gas, or housing, they can spend their money on other things like house improvements, bills, debts, necessities, college funding, etc. Also, for those who cannot contribute to go to a university, an online period is much easier to achieve. This helps many of those who could not afford to earn a degree to finally attain one.On the contrary, one cannot get as much help fr om an online program compared to a traditional school. Since online teachers have a limited role in teaching, they try to guide students through the pre-written material. If the teacher is not properly trained to teach online courses, then the students are forced to teach themselves the whole lesson. This can cause students to get frustrated with themselves and not be as motivated to complete their course. To add onto the problem, ask questions is highly more difficult. The students who have questions cannot just raise their hands or stop by their teachers office to ask them. They have to wait for answers through e-mails, talk to other students through student forums, or make some sort of appointment with the teacher. In the end, being online educated may strike more work and could restitution much longer to finish.Most importantly, some online assign are not take oned in traditional schools or colleges. Certain online credits are not accepted because their credits are either n ot up to par or have no relevancy toward the students major. Even though online schools have been given more credibility in the past fewer years, many still believe that online schooling is much easier than traditional schooling, so college administrators do not take online degrees seriously. Also, some online schools are not accredited by legitimate agencies, and credits from those schools are overlooked completely.In other words, educational specialists should not replace traditional education with online education. Once again, online education not only reduces social activity, but also takes away from the high school experience. In addition, online schools do not offer as much help for students as traditional schools. Lastly, some colleges and universities donot even accept online credits. While online education may be more viable in the future, they are currently not in the best condition to be implemented into school districts. Until online education is more adaptable to the t raditional model, it should not be allowed to jeopardize the learning experience of todays students.

The Limits of Cultural Globalization in the World Essay

The Limits of Cultural Globalization in the World - Essay ExampleIn recent times, the swear for companies to attain globalization has been on the rise. dismission supranational makes legion(predicate) companies discover new commercialises. In the technology industry, this trend has been extensively used as there be remarkably few companies within this industry who do not arrive an international market sh be (Wolf, 2004). The demand for technological advancement can be identified as the global feature driving these companies towards globalization. For a long time, the establishment of global business has been a subject of discussion. galore(postnominal) companies were opposed to the idea but have slowly started integrating globalization. Though quantifi equal to(p) results of globalization have not been seen, the idea remains an attractive matchless for most corporations in the 21st century. The companies aim at achieving global recognition while creating a wider market for their products. Blackberry is an American ph iodin manufacturing company whose products are available globally. The Blackberry brand was invented in 1999 the Research In Motion Company. Through this brand, the company has been able to reach out to millions of clients around the world. ... ntinent through the marketing done by these continental offices (Danielle, 2010) Theoretical cloth Globalization has been seen, in recent years, as a way through which companies become international. The aim of globalization, among many companies, can be identified as gaining recognition as well as a market space in the international community. Before pursuing the globalization imagine companies try to analyze the many activities that might be involved. This normally included reviewing how other global companies within the same industry are undertaking the same strategy. A comparison of the benefits and the costs to be incurred comes at the core of such venture (Wolf, 2004). There are numerous a ttractions for companies to globalize their activities. Foreign sales can be identified as one of the considerations which companies apply before globalization. The economies of different nations keep on fluctuating due to inadequate policies or political activities. Through globalization, the effects of these fluctuations become minimized. Companies, which are global, whitethorn recover losses incurred in one country from good sales attained in another country (Smith, 2007). This makes many companies, which have the capability, to desire to venture into the global market. The global market offers security during times of economic recession. When one economy may be experiencing recession another one might be on the rise. Companies with the presence in two economies can be able to maintain a balance through ensuring that losses incurred on one side are recovered in another. It creates a stabilizing effect on the sales volumes achieved by the company. A company may also realize an in crease in its global market as a result of globalization. Globalization may be applied as not

The Difference a Movie Paradise Now Makes to Regular Americans Review

The Difference a nirvana Now Makes to Regular Americans - Movie Re ingest ExampleIn Said and Khaleds televised manifestos, in which they efficaciously say goodbye to their loved ones, while explaining why they be doing what they are doing, Khaled explains that the Israelis bewilder refused compromise and view allowing Palestinians dignity and respect would be tantamount to the suicide of the Jewish state. Khaled talks about how the Israelis have evidently refused even the hint of there being two states on the land, which would seem, to a reasonable person, to be a reasonable compromise. When viewing this particular film, it becomes increasingly obvious that the United States, in always supporting Israel, is operational with a tunnel vision, probably because the Israelis are considered to be a friend to the United States, and the United States has a heavy Jewish population. What is actually right and wrong about the conflict apparently does not constituent into the United Stat es policy regarding the Israeli homeland. And, with such a powerful ally as the United States on the side of the Israelis in the Palestine-Israeli conflict, the Palestinians do not have a voice. This is why the suicide bombers, and the other terrorist acts, are occurring it is because of this sense of desperation about their plight. From the way that the movie portrays the conflict, it would be as if Jim Crow were still the virtue of the United States land, and the treatment of the blacks in Jim Crow were countenanced and approved of by the rest of the world, and the rest of the world was eternally taking the side of the United States government in oppressing the black American. I would imagine if that were the case, the United States would have the kind of long-running, violent conflict, without end, that is seen in Israel. With good reason. Of course, only one side is being presented in this movie, which is charming the movie does not have to be even-handed, nor should it be. It advocates a certain position, and this is the lens through which the audience views the general conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians. That I came away from the movie impassioned about the shabby treatment of the Palestinians at the hand of the Israelis, and angry about how the United States is reflexively pro-Israel, which serves to only further oppress the Palestinians, means that the filmmaker has make his job. Intellectually, I understand that the conflict is much more complex than the movie shows, more complex than I would ever be able to grasp. However, this movie was very effective in portraying the side that it need to. This is probably the reason why the film won so many accolades, such as an Oscar and a Golden Globe. One of the techniques that the filmmaker uses to make the films message compelling is that he uses the fable of two ordinary Palestinians, and gives them a backstory. The filmmaker shows them, early on, relaxing with a hookah between them, later on getting off of work at the automobile junkyard. We see that Said has a potential girlfriend, and we besides see Saids family at home his mother, his younger brother, etc. We know that Said and Khaled are flesh and blood, which gives them a sense of pathos.

Organization experiencing challenges with its compensation and benefit Research Paper

Organization experiencing challenges with its earnings and benefit system - Research Paper object lessonThis research paper describes the hire practices undertaken in organizations have far reaching effects on the competitory advantage of the firm. In order to develop matched advantage of a firm in the planetary market, the compensation plans developed by the firm must align with the strategic plans and actions of the same. Apart from the attainment of competitive advantage compensation practices also have influence everywhere recruitments, turnover, productivity of labour, etc. in firms. thereof it is crucial that firms make thorough analysis of how people perceive about the firms compensation and how these perceptions consequently affect their behavior. A substantial amount of stock satisfaction of employees depends on the amount of compensation that he receives as well as the benefits he derives from the organizations. The financial compensations complemented with adequat e benefits such as insurances, pale leaves, paid vacations, discounts, pension plans etc. impacts on the satisfaction level of employees and subsequently their behavior and commitment towards the same. The American Airlines (AA) confronted with serious compensation and benefit issues due to the restricting of their compensation plans for employees. Due to the great losses incurred by American Airlines, one of the worlds largest airlines, the management had to undertake massive cost cutting and restructuring drift with the purpose of restoring profitability. This resulted in massive job cuts of employees. The policy only invited random resistance from employees which further aggravate the amount of losses incurred by the company. ... The problem would be supported by presentation of critical publications which would include various arguments presented by researcher, practitioners and author and also empirical evidence on the subject. Thesis teaching Following is the thesis state ment developed for the study Due to the critical role compriseed by compensation and benefit plans on employees job satisfaction, commitment and productivity, companies need to strive to exploit full latent of their human resources through adequate compensation and benefit structures. Review of the Literature As organizations continue to be confronted with increased competitive pressures, they seek to achieve more using fewer resources. Along with the rise in emphasis on such aspects as sales volume, innovation, profits, quality etc, many cases have revealed tight dominance over employments with substantial employment cuts. The idea to manage human resources effectively using fewer employees has evolved over the years. Subsequently the emphasis has shifted towards the system of employee compensation with the view to manage human resources better (Gerhart, Minkoff & Olsen, 1994, p.1). Employee compensation and benefits play a key role as it lies at the heart of employment relation ships having critical importance for some(prenominal) employers and employees. The financial compensation paid by employers in the form of salaries and wages comprises of the main income of the employees. On the other(a) hand benefits account for the health and other security of employees. A large proportion of employees job satisfaction and performance depends on the combination of both the compensation and benefits he receives. From the perspective of the employer, the compensation decisions undertaken influences the cost associated with doing the

Write a response paper about the given article Essay

Write a response write up ab prohibited the given article - Essay Examples Somers, the condition of the article refutes this common tactual sensation and illustrates how using the lexicon germed by Webster in its unedited versions presents a wealth of vocabulary and its usage in English. This paper will offer a response to the article by James Somers.James Somers is the author of the article that criticizes many modern dictionaries. Having spent a lot of time with McPhee, a great novelist and author in the American society, Somers developed an interest in the English. Although he had opined that his dictionary was a reliable mate to improve his vocabulary, he really used it. However, he noted the differences in McPhees use of the English language a specifically his continued use of a unique dictionary. These two aspects prompted to inquire from McPhee on the differences between his preferred dictionary and those used by many people. Although initially it was his responsibilit y to find out why this happens, McPhee first illustrated how the meaning of Websters book was outstanding and the concepts introduced by the dictionary proved to be very compelling. After Somers discovered that the Webster dictionary was the critical tool that McPhee had relied on, Somers ventured into its use. Over many years, he has been using the same dictionary which has immensely improved his written and spoken English (Somers n.p).In this article, Somerss introduces his capacity by illustrating how words are searched in the dictionary and the kind of responses yielded by the searches. Using an example of the precondition Sport, he demonstrates to the leader how limiting many dictionaries are in offering relevant and more provisionary results. Using the testimonial from McPhee, the author develops his argument basing it on his comparison of the description of words in the Webster dictionary as well as other common dictionaries. Using words such as sport, ranting and pathos, the author elaborates the differences between the two dictionaries. After giving an

Homeless brings atrocious effects to a country Research Paper

Homeless brings atrocious effects to a country - Research Paper mannequinCountless research findings point out that the experience of the unsettled prevents the physical, psychological, friendly, and behavioral development of a person (Hovington-Neville 2012). When a large portion of a countrys population is residing without a permanent, house, several stressors piece of tail be especially detri psychic to the countrys economic status and social well-being. The following musical composition discusses and analyzes the adverse effects of homelessness in the United States from an individual and holistic point of view. Homelessness brings atrocious effects to a country from a social, health, and economic point of view.Homelessness affects a country socially in terms of pickax up the expense of basic needs and services. Among the basic needs are social isolation, premature pregnancies, and the mental wellbeing of children. Paying for these services is the role of the government, an d the higher the cost is, the more the countrys budget and focus on infrastructure is affected negatively (Dennis 105). Since the homeless often undergo numerous kinds of social isolation, the solution out of this isolation is not direct. Social isolation is unacceptable in terms of kind liberties, especially in a wealthy country like the United States. Unplanned pregnancies by the homeless mean an entire new generation will be born into the homeless population, thereby fashioning the social impact of this problem less solvable. The damage occurs when the child lacks food, proper physical and emotional care, and bill education.Reason One-The harm caused the lack of food also brings about an extreme form of social isolation. Homelessness is a strong sign of social unfairness in any country (Smith 44). Most people produce isolated when their economic incapacitation restricts or fully inhibits their opportunity to partake in the mainstream community. Isolation happens when the main stream community

Amazon-Pestel -swot -porter 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Amazon-Pestel -swot -porter 5 - Essay ExampleAn compend of the macro-environment using PESTEL indicates that there are major threats and opportunities in the environment. However, it is the guilds ability to utilise these opportunities and by using its strengths to minimise the effects of these threats that will be of importance.In the political environment the companys sales are subject to both economic and political considerations (AnnualReport.com 2011). There may be restrictions and contrasted ownership. In order to meet local ownership and regulatory licensing requirements the companys Joyo Amazon vexation is operated by Chinese companies.The economic environment in which the company operates is affected by fluctuations in substitution rates and changes in interest rates. Approximately 45% of the companys revenues are associated with its international argumentation (AnnualReport.com 2011). If there is a major interruption in telecommunications the company could losing a si gnificant amount of business. The company faces inventory risk if it over stocks as it may be left with goods that are not returnable. On the other hand if it runs out of stock it will lose business. The company only deals with a some shippers any unforeseen circumstances which affect the shipment of Amazons products and will have negatively charged implications for the companys business. The companys business is seasonal with between 35% and 39% of its yearly sales taking place in the last quarter in 2008, 2009 and 2010 (AnnualReport.com 2011). The company faces competition for restricted employees including computer scientist and software engineers. This means that it has to compete on price with companies like Apple in the digital media device arena.In terms of the companys social environment the employees are motivated by being compensated with shares. This means that they are not just employees but also owners of the company (AnnualReport.com 2011). It is then likely that t hey

Effects of flicker on reading comfort Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Effects of flicker on reading allayer - Essay ExampleMeares in 1980 and subsequently Irlen in 1983 described homogeneous set of symptoms induced by reading as visual perceptual disorder known as Meares-Irlen syndrome (MIS) or scotopic sensitivity syndrome (SSS)2,3. Jeanes et al4 inform that this syndrome target be found in 12 share of general population and 65 percent of dyslexics. Furthermore, Wilkins5 identified these symptoms as visual stress and categorised them into somatic such as tired eyeball and visuo-perceptual like color, motion or shape illusions. Another name of this group of symptoms is praxis glare that was employ by Wilkins and Nimmo-Smith6 because they induced in normal people, who do not have photosensitive epilepsy, when they observed patterns of strips. there are number of parameters to characterise pattern of strips such as the total size, spacial frequency, duty daily round and contrast7. Wilkins et al8 found that the frequency of pattern glare depends on the characteristics of patterns. Similarly, reading text can induce same effects of discomfort because straight lines of text form a pattern of strips5. The same characteristics of pattern of strips can also determine the effects induced from text. The size of the page contains text excluding the margins corresponds to the size of pattern, the interline spacing represents the spatial frequency, the middle body of written letters excluding ascenders and descenders corresponds to duty cycle, and the contrast of the ink used on the paper besides the thickness and spacing of the words strokes determines the grating contrast7. Thus, text can induce the incidence of pattern glare, which depends on text characteristics.The book Visual stress, by Wilkins5 has a whole chapter to discuss photosensitive epilepsy and the visual stimulation of seizures. Wilkins states that visual stimulation may trigger seizures in 4 percent of patient with epilepsy. In addition, visual stimulation is the only factor to provoke seizures in many

Creating, Financing, and Marketing a Business Research Paper

Creating, Financing, and Marketing a Business - Research Paper faceWith such a well diversified blend of people coming in to operate the business, a lot of prices can be saved in hiring other people to do these kinds of proficient work for them. Moreover, in the case a loss occurs in a confederation, not all of it ordain be taken by a single person like in the case of doctor proprietorship. Here, each partner will be liable to the maximum amount of their investments (or if agreed otherwise) they have made. alliance also have a lot of cons. In case of partnership, a lot time the agreement are framed in such a way that if any one partner leaves, the entire partnership / business needs to be would up. This is one of the major problems in partnership as a order of ownership. Yet another very important con is that there may be differences in views of partners as how they want to carry out the business or resolve a particular issue. In such case, usually voting is carried out to determine a way out. This would mean there would be some(prenominal) partners who would have to agree to something against their wishes. Funding Options For Small Business There are a lot of workable ways which downhearted businesses can use to fund their operations. The options include debt financing, grants, fair play financing, loans from friends and family, business apotheosiss or angel investors as they are better known, venture capitalists and strategic investors. A few of these sources re discussed in oftentimes detail below. Almost all small businesses finance their operations via loans taken from financial institutions. These loans are often easy to take come with a repayment schedule an interest rate that is decided upon at the time of cracking the deal. The plus side of debt financing is you dont have for equity financing, thereby youll solve equity issue expenses. Secondly, getting a debt is pretty much an easy option as compared to floating a companys shares on t he stock market. Government grants can also be used to fund the operations of small businesses. These grants are usually offered to businesses in the research and development side and those working in the technology empyrean (McCaffrey, 1992). Its benefits include the fact that this is literally free money that doesnt need to pay back and investors love the ascent that such grants provide. On the negative side, the use of grant money is often dictated by the administration and it cannot be used for anything else. How managerial Accounting Can Help Managers With Product Costing, Incremental Analysis And Budgeting Managerial or cost account statement deals with costing techniques. It is generally concerned with providing price sensitive information to conclusiveness making managers, as theyre the people who are responsible for product costing and control operations. Managerial accounting can help managers with to determine cost units and allocate them to different cost centers. O nce all these cost units have been allocated to different cost centers, then the total cost per unit can be dictated and hence product costing becomes easier. Managers generally make decision by selecting between different alternatives usable to them. Since a lot of information is available when deciding product costs, decision making becomes a much easier process when they only examine the amounts that differ between different decisions and make a decision accordingly. In such cases differences only occur between relevant costs, and theyre the ones that need to be considered in incremental digest since non